How to rank GMAT Data Insights topics by ROI before week…

Setting topic priorities for GMAT Data Insights is the single highest-leverage planning decision a candidate can make in the first month of GMAT Focus preparation. The section contains 20 questions across five item families, and each family rewards a different mix of literacy, number sense, and visual reasoning. Without a deliberate prioritisation framework, study hours drift toward the families a candidate already finds comfortable, while the item types that actually cap a score remain untouched. This article gives you a scoring-aware system for ranking every Data Insights topic by return on study time, then turns that ranking into a concrete weekly plan.

Why topic prioritisation matters more in Data Insights than in Quant or Verbal

The GMAT Focus edition reorganised the exam into three scored sections: Quant, Verbal, and Data Insights. Verbal and Quant each test a relatively narrow band of skills per item, which lets strong readers or strong number-sense students lean on existing strengths. Data Insights is different. It tests five distinct item families in a single 45-minute window, and the families vary wildly in their cognitive demand. A single Data Sufficiency item can be solved in under 90 seconds by someone fluent in the format, while a Multi-Source Reasoning set can absorb four minutes even for an experienced test-taker if the tab structure is misread on the first pass. Equal-effort study on five families is therefore almost always wrong, because the score lift per hour is not equal across them.

Another reason prioritisation matters: the GMAT Focus score scale for Data Insights runs from 60 to 90, in one-point increments. That compressed range means every missed item moves the score visibly. A candidate who drops one Multi-Source Reasoning set and two Data Sufficiency items has already spent a significant share of the cushion available between, say, DI 78 and DI 84. The room for error is small, and it is unevenly distributed across item types. Knowing which families are densest in the section's first 10 items versus its last 10 lets you triage the ones you must bank.

For most candidates I work with, the planning mistake is treating Data Insights as a Quant adjunct. They carry a Quant textbook into DI prep, drill algebra, and never touch a tabbed passage. The first correction is structural: a separate weekly block, sized to the score lift, dedicated to DI alone, and audited at the end of each week against an item-family error log.

The compressed-score-scale problem in plain numbers

Consider the practical effect of a 31-point scale with single-point granularity. A candidate sitting at DI 76 has roughly four to six items of cushion before falling into the next scoring band, depending on the equating of the adaptive form. Misreading the cushion as 'plenty of room' is a planning error I see repeatedly. The cushion is consumed unevenly: the first three Data Sufficiency items feel cheap to lose, the two Multi-Source Reasoning sets feel expensive, and Table Analysis questions cluster in the middle of the section. Topic priority is therefore a way of allocating the cushion before the test, not on the test.

The five GMAT Focus Data Insights item families at a glance

Before ranking, every candidate needs a stable taxonomy. The GMAT Focus Data Insights section contains exactly five item families, and each behaves differently in terms of stems, stimulus design, and clock cost.

Data Sufficiency: a stem that asks a yes/no or value question, followed by two statements; the task is to decide which statements, alone or together, are sufficient. Twenty statements and ten stems, but only the 10 stems count as items.
Multi-Source Reasoning: a tabbed layout with two or three source panels (emails, memos, charts); each item may require cross-referencing, and several items share the same tab structure.
Table Analysis: a sortable spreadsheet replaces a chart, and the items ask about filtering, sorting, or extracting specific rows or aggregated values.
Graphics Interpretation: a single chart or graph with two drop-down menus; candidates must pick one option from each menu to complete a sentence.
Two-Part Analysis: a single shared stimulus with two coordinated answer choices; candidates must select one option from each of two columns.

Each family carries its own pacing profile, its own literacy demand, and its own preparation economy. The next sections of this article walk through how to measure each of those, then how to roll the measurements into a priority list.

A scoring-aware ROI model for each item family

Return on study time has three inputs: the number of items in the family, the typical clock cost per item, and the score lift available from mastery. The first input is fixed. The other two are measurable from your own practice data once you have done at least two full Data Insights sections under timed conditions.

Counting items per family in a real section

The official section blueprint allocates items approximately as follows: about 6 Data Sufficiency items, 2 Multi-Source Reasoning items (sharing one or two tabbed sets), 4 Table Analysis items, 4 Graphics Interpretation items, and 4 Two-Part Analysis items. That is a 20-item section, and the weighting is unequal. Two Multi-Source items may look small, but each one carries the cost of the tabbed set, which is closer to a mini Reading Comprehension passage than to a stand-alone stem. In a planning sense, treat Multi-Source as roughly four items of work, not two.

Clock cost per family

From practice data, the median clock cost on a DI section is roughly 135 seconds per item, but the variance is enormous. Data Sufficiency items frequently resolve in 70 to 100 seconds for a fluent candidate. Multi-Source Reasoning items can run 180 to 240 seconds each because the tab navigation is built into the clock. Table Analysis items hover around 120 seconds. Graphics Interpretation averages 90 seconds. Two-Part Analysis can spike above 150 seconds when both columns interact with the same value chain.

Score lift from mastery

Score lift is the hardest number to estimate, because it depends on the candidate. A reasonable heuristic: items you are getting right more than 80 percent of the time in untimed practice have a low marginal lift, and items you are getting right less than 50 percent of the time have a high marginal lift. The priority list is built around the latter, not the former. A common planning mistake is to drill the family you enjoy, which is almost always the family you are already strongest in.

Step-by-step: build your own topic priority list in one sitting

You need three things: a completed error log, an untimed-to-timed conversion ratio, and a one-page matrix. Block out 90 minutes, work in order, and do not skip the logging step even if it feels redundant.

Step 1: log every DI item from your last two practice tests

Open a spreadsheet. For each of the 40 items across two timed practice sections, record the family, whether you got it right, the clock time you spent, and a one-line reason code (for example, 'tab misread', 'DS statement misread', 'sort misunderstanding', 'dropdown wording', 'two-part interaction'). After 40 items you will have a clear pattern: the family that produced the largest share of wrong answers is your highest-priority family, regardless of how much you enjoy it.

Step 2: compute the per-family accuracy and time

Sum accuracy per family, then sum average time per family. Rank families by lowest accuracy first. Where two families are tied on accuracy, rank the one with the higher time cost first, because clock cost compounds across the section. In a typical cohort, Multi-Source Reasoning and Two-Part Analysis sit at the top of this list; Graphics Interpretation and Data Sufficiency sit lower.

Step 3: weight by item count and clock cost

Multiply the family's average time by its item count to get a section-time share. If Multi-Source Reasoning is consuming 16 percent of the section clock for a 10 percent item share, the time pressure is real, and the priority is justified. If Graphics Interpretation is consuming 12 percent of the clock for a 20 percent item share, the time pressure is mild, and the priority drops.

Step 4: write a one-line priority statement per family

For each family, write a sentence that combines your rank, your target accuracy, and the clock ceiling. An example: 'Multi-Source Reasoning — Priority 1 — target 80 percent accuracy at 200 seconds per item.' That sentence becomes the contract for the next two weeks of study. The format forces you to be honest about the gap between where you are and where you need to be.

How to translate the priority list into a weekly study plan

A priority list is a plan only when it has hours attached to it. A workable structure for the first month allocates roughly 6 to 8 hours per week to Data Insights, with a 3-to-2-to-1 ratio of high-priority, medium-priority, and low-priority family time. That ratio is a starting point; the actual ratio should be pulled from your matrix.

Week 1 to 2: priority family only

Pick the single highest-priority family. Drill 25 to 30 items of that family under untimed conditions first, then re-drill the same 25 to 30 items under timed conditions. The reason for the double pass is that Data Insights errors usually have a literacy cause (misreading a tab, misreading a dropdown, misreading a two-part prompt) and a separate pacing cause. Drilling untimed isolates the literacy cause; drilling timed exposes the pacing cause. Both must be fixed, but they require different practice.

Week 3: add the second-priority family at half volume

Bring in the second family on alternating days, keeping the priority family at full volume. The goal is to keep the priority family moving while the second family comes up to speed. Resist the temptation to equalise volume, because equal volume is exactly the planning mistake you are trying to avoid.

Week 4: a full timed DI section every 5 days

By week four, you should be sitting a full timed Data Insights section every five days, with a structured debrief the day after. The debrief is where the topic priority list is updated. If a family has moved off the priority list, demote it; if a new family has emerged as a weakness, promote it. The matrix is a living document, not a fixed curriculum.

Common pitfalls and how to avoid them

Three pitfalls show up across nearly every candidate I work with on Data Insights. Each is a planning error disguised as a study habit, and each has a specific counter-move.

Pitfall 1: drilling the family you are already strong in

Graphics Interpretation is a popular family because the charts are visually engaging and the items feel tractable. A candidate who is already at 90 percent accuracy on Graphics Interpretation still spends 25 percent of their DI prep time on it, because the practice feels good. The counter-move is to re-allocate that time to the family at the bottom of your accuracy table, even when the practice feels hard. Mastery is built on the items that resist you, not the ones that flatter you.

Pitfall 2: timing the whole section before timing the family

Sitting full sections before the families are individually fluent inflates your error log with noise. You cannot tell whether a slow Data Sufficiency item is a statement-misread or a pacing issue when it sits inside a 45-minute section alongside three other item families. The counter-move is to time the family in isolation for the first three weeks, then move to section-level timing in week four.

Pitfall 3: treating the on-screen calculator as a crutch

The GMAT Focus on-screen calculator is permitted on every Data Insights item. Candidates who reach for it on every item pay a clock cost of 10 to 20 seconds per use, which compounds across 20 items. The counter-move is to set a personal rule: estimate first, confirm with the calculator only when the estimate is ambiguous. A small number of items per section genuinely require the calculator, and the rest reward mental arithmetic plus a single confirmation.

A simple comparative table: priority ranking across item families

The table below captures the planning shape of each family once a candidate has logged two full timed practice sections. Numbers are placeholders drawn from typical patterns; your own numbers will vary, which is the point of building the matrix.

Item family	Approx. items per section	Median clock cost	Typical accuracy range	Priority weight
Data Sufficiency	6	80-100 sec	70-90%	Medium
Multi-Source Reasoning	2 (1-2 sets)	180-240 sec	50-75%	High
Table Analysis	4	110-130 sec	60-80%	Medium-High
Graphics Interpretation	4	80-100 sec	75-90%	Low-Medium
Two-Part Analysis	4	130-160 sec	55-75%	High

The 'Priority weight' column is the number a candidate multiplies by available study hours. The higher the weight, the larger the share of hours. If your own accuracy range falls outside the typical band, move the row up or down in your private matrix accordingly.

Adapting the priority list mid-preparation

A priority list is a hypothesis, not a verdict. The first list you write after two practice tests is a starting point, and the second list, written after four more weeks of drilling, will look different. The two moments when a list must be rewritten are: (a) when a family has moved above 85 percent accuracy under timed conditions, which signals it can be demoted to maintenance, and (b) when a family that was previously a strength has dropped in accuracy, which usually signals over-drilling and a need to refresh the stimulus-reading habit.

Another moment to rewrite: after a full-length practice test under realistic conditions. A section-level score is a lagging indicator of family-level accuracy, and a drop on the section score is almost always traceable to a single family. Re-run the matrix and the cause usually appears in the first row.

FAQ: candidate questions about Data Insights topic priorities

The questions below reflect what candidates most often ask once they begin the prioritisation exercise. Keep them in mind when you build your own list.

How long should I study Data Insights per week?

For most candidates targeting a DI score in the mid-80s, six to eight hours per week is the right band for the first month. The hours should be split into three or four sessions rather than one long block, because Data Insights rewards repeated short exposures over single marathon sessions. Each session should end with a five-minute entry in your error log.

Should I prepare for Data Insights before Quant?

No. Quant and Data Insights overlap in arithmetic, but the item formats are different. A common pattern is to prepare Quant and Data Insights in parallel weeks, with one to two Quant sessions and one to two Data Insights sessions per week, then taper Data Insights up as test day approaches.

How do I know if my priority list is working?

The matrix is working if your family-level accuracy is moving up week over week on the priority family and the section score is trending in the direction of your target within four to five weeks. If neither moves, the matrix is mis-ranked. Re-check the error log, particularly the reason codes, and re-rank.

Can I skip Multi-Source Reasoning prep and still score well?

You can, but the score cost is high. Multi-Source Reasoning accounts for roughly two items but consumes a disproportionate share of the section clock. A candidate who has not drilled the tabbed format will routinely spend 220 seconds per set, leaving the rest of the section under pressure. Even two or three dedicated sessions on the format produce a measurable improvement in clock cost.

Conclusion and next steps

Topic prioritisation is the planning layer that turns Data Insights prep from a generic study habit into a score-aware project. The framework in this article — log two timed sections, build a per-family matrix, rank by accuracy and clock cost, attach hours, and rewrite the list every two weeks — is the smallest system that produces consistent results. The first two weeks are the hardest, because the matrix forces an honest read of where the score is leaking, and that read often contradicts what the candidate wants to study. Stick with the matrix, and the topic priority list will start to drive your week rather than the other way around. TestPrep Europe's diagnostic assessment is a natural starting point for candidates building a sharper Data Insights preparation plan, especially when the matrix needs a baseline to rank against.

Frequently asked questions

How do I decide which Data Insights item family to study first?

Build a per-family accuracy table from two timed practice sections, then rank families by lowest accuracy combined with highest clock cost. The family that sits at the top of that combined ranking is your first study priority, regardless of which family feels most comfortable.

Is Data Insights harder than Quant on the GMAT Focus?

Difficulty is personal, but Data Insights is structurally more demanding because it bundles five distinct item families into a single 45-minute section. Candidates who are strong in verbal literacy but weaker in number sense often find Data Insights harder than Quant, while candidates with strong arithmetic fluency but weak chart-reading skills may find the reverse.

How many Multi-Source Reasoning items are on the GMAT Focus?

The section typically contains two Multi-Source Reasoning items, drawn from one or two tabbed sets. The clock cost is closer to a mini Reading Comprehension passage than to a stand-alone stem, so plan for roughly four items of work in your weekly schedule even though only two items appear in the section.

Should I use the on-screen calculator on every Data Insights item?

No. The on-screen calculator adds 10 to 20 seconds per use, which compounds across 20 items. Estimate first, and reach for the calculator only when an estimate is genuinely ambiguous. Most Data Insights items reward mental arithmetic plus a single confirmation, not constant calculator use.

How often should I update my Data Insights topic priority list?

Rewrite the list every two weeks, or immediately after a full-length practice test shows an unexpected section score. A priority list is a hypothesis, not a verdict, and it must be revised whenever a family's accuracy moves above 85 percent or drops noticeably from a previous baseline.

How to rank GMAT Data Insights topics by ROI before week one of prep